AHSEC| CLASS 12| LOGIC & PHILOSOPHY| QUESTION PAPER

AHSEC| CLASS 12| LOGIC & PHILOSOPHY| QUESTION PAPER - 2017| H.S. 2ND YEAR

2017

LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY

Full Marks: 100

Pass Marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

1. Give very short answer: 1x12=12

a) What is the essence of induction proper?

b) Is perfect induction an induction proper?

c) What is the ground of Analogy?

d) “A cause is the sum-total of conditions positive and negative taken together” – Who said the statement?

e) “The law of causation is the material ground of induction” – is it true?

f) What is ‘Vera Causa’?

g) What is the meaning of the Latin word ‘Mores’?

h) Who is the founder of scientific realism?

i) “Observation is finding a fact and experiment is making one” – Who said this?

j) How many Purusarthas are there?

k) Is ethics a positive science?

l) From which Sanskrit root the word ‘Dharma’ is derived?

2. Define scientific induction? 2

3. Explain very briefly why the conclusion of unscientific induction is probable. 2

4. Why observation and experiment are called the material grounds of induction? 2

5. State two advantages of simple observation. 2

What do you mean by ‘Paradox of Induction’? 2

6. Mention two features of scientific realism. 2

7. Define primary qualities with examples. 2

8. What is the meaning of ‘esse est percipii’? 2

9. Name the form of idealism with which dialectical method is associated. State the name of the philosopher who advocated this method. 2

10. State two features of objective idealism. 2

11. Why is habitual action considered as an object of moral judgement? 2

12. State the second canon of elimination. Name the experimental method which is based on this cannon of elimination. 1+1=2

State one advantage of the method of Agreement. Why is the method called the method of discovery? 1+1

13. State two points of difference between inductive and deductive inference. 2

14. Explain the meaning of ‘Varnasrama dharma’. 4

15. State Flint’s definition of religion. 4

Mention any four characteristics of religion.

16. Mention two practical imperfections of the material of Agreement. 4

17. State two points of similarity between religion and morality. 2+2=4

State four points about the nature of hypothesis. 4

18. Distinguish between good analogy and bad analogy. 4

Distinguish between cause and condition. 4

19. State along with brief explanations about the four conditions of legitimate hypothesis. 4

20. Write short note on the fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc. 4

21. Name the theory which states that external world can be known directly as it really is. Also, define this theory and state one important drawback of this theory. 1+2+1=4

22. Write short note on “conflict of desires”. 4

What is voluntary action? State the three stages of voluntary action. 1+3=4

23. Define Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism. Is Berkeley a solipsist? 2+2=4

24. Define unscientific induction with example. State why is it called ‘Unscientific’? Mention briefly three characteristics of unscientific induction. 2+1+3=6

Define Analogy with example. Explain the characteristics of Analogy. 2+4=6

25. Define cause after Carveth Read and explain briefly the qualitative marks of cause. 2+4=6

What is experiment? What are the advantages of experiment over observation? 2+4=6

26. Define hypothesis with a scientific example. Explain hypothesis concerning law and hypothesis concerning collocation. 2+4=6

What are the different kinds of hypothesis according to Stebbing? Explain each of them with example. 2+4=6

27. State Mill’s Canon of the method of difference. Describe briefly four disadvantages or defects of this method. 2+4=6

Explain the method of Residues with example. Do you think it to be an improvement upon the method of Difference? Explain. 2+4=6

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