AHSEC| CLASS 12| LOGIC & PHILOSOPHY| QUESTION PAPER - 2016| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2016
LOGIC AND PHILOSOPHY
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks
for the questions.
1. (a) Which of the following statement is correct?
1)
Induction is concerned only with
formal truth.
2)
Induction is a process of
generalization.
3)
The conclusion of an induction follows
necessarily from its premises.
(b) In which of the following kinds of
Induction there is inductive leap.
1)
Perfect Induction.
2)
Analogy.
3)
Colligation of facts.
4)
Induction of parity of reasoning.
(c) All men are ‘religious” – Is this
proposition analytic or synthetic?
(d) “Cause and effect are events in time” –
Is it quantitative mark of causation.
(e) Which of the following statement is
correct?
1)
Experiment is finding a fact and
observation is making one.
2)
In an experiment, one cannot pass from
the effect to the cause.
3)
Observation succeeds experiment.
(f) Fill in the blank:
Mill’s
paradox of induction is said to commit the fallacy of ________.
(g) Which of the following is correct?
1)
Direct verification of a hypothesis
can be done by observation.
2)
Direct verification of a hypothesis
can be done by observation or experiment.
3)
Direct verification of a hypothesis
can be done by experiment only.
(h)
Does the method of residues require pervious knowledge of the cause or effect
for its application?
(i) Name the experimental method which is
based on the following canon:
“Nothing
is the cause of a phenomenon which is known to be the cause of a different
phenomenon”
(j) The method of agreement is a method of
experiment and the method of difference is a method of observation” – Is it
correct?
(k) Who did introduce the “theory of
Pre-established harmony”?
(l) Who is regard as the father of modern
philosophy?
2. State any two
similarities between Scientific Induction and Unscientific Induction.
3. Define analogy
with suitable example?
4. Define
efficient cause with an example?
5. Briefly
explain positive condition with the help of a suitable example?
6. What is
crucial instance?
7. Briefly
explain any one condition of a valid hypothesis with the help of a suitable
example?
8. What do you
mean by analogical hypothesis?
9. Why are the
inductive method called ‘Method of Elimination’?
10. What do you
mean by realism?
11. State two
points of difference between realism and idealism?
12. Explain the
etymological meaning of the Dharma?
13. Mention two
points of difference between religion and morality?
Or
Mention
any two characteristics of religion?
14. State two
similarities and two dissimilarities between analogy and scientific induction.
15. Briefly
explain with example, any two rules on which the value or strength of an
analogy depends.
16. Explain with
example the quantitative mark of cause from the stand point of the law of the
conservation of mater and energy?
Or
Explain
the relation between cause and condition with the help of suitable example?
18. Distinguish
between hypothesis concerning agent and hypothesis concerning.
Or
State two advantages of experiment over
observation and two advantages of observation over experiment
19. Briefly
explain the four stages of a hypothesis.
Or
State four uses of hypothesis
20. State two
advantage and two disadvantages of the method of agreement.
21. Briefly
express four points of criticism against naïve realism.
Or
Briefly
express four points of criticism against scientific realism.
22. State any
four points of difference between primary qualities and secondary qualities.
23. Briefly
discuss the nature of ethics.
Or
Briefly
discuss the scope of ethics.
24. Why is the
method of concomitant variation considered as a modified version of the method
of agreement and the method of difference? Explain. 3+3=6
Or
Define the joint method of agreement and difference
in your own words and give a concrete example of it. Why do some logicians
regard this method as “the method of double agreement” or “the double method of
agreement”? Explain. 2+2+2=6
25. What is
Berkeley’s subjective idealism? Briefly express four points of criticism
against this type of idealism. 2+2+2=6
Or
Critically
discuss objective idealism of Hegel.
26. Does the end
justify the means? Give a reasoned analysis with the help of concrete
examples. 6
Or
Briefly explain
any three purusarthas. 2x3=6
27. Explain the
nature of religion.
Or
Critically
explain any one of the following views: 6x1=6
(i) Religion is
the source of morality.
(ii) Morality is the source of religion.
***
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