NIOS| SOCIAL SCIENCE (213)| SOLVED PAPER – (JAN-FEB) - 2021| SECONDARY| ENGLISH MEDIUM
SOCIAL SCIENCE
(213)
Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 100
Note:
(1) All questions
are compulsory and carry marks as indicated against each question.
(2) For Multiple
Choice Questions four options are given. You have to choose right option and indicate
it in your answer book.
(3) Attach the
map with your answer book.
1. ‘Mesopotamian Civilization' lay between which one of the following rivers? 1
(A) Tigris and Euphrates
(B) Ganga and
Yamuna
(C) Krishna and
Kaveri
(D) Congo and Nile
2. Mangal Pandey is related to which one of the following
cities? 1
(A) Barrackpore
(B) Meerut
(C) Delhi
(D) Agra
3. The Southernmost point of Indian main land is: 1
(A)
Thiruvananthapuram
(B) Indira Point
(C) Kanya Kumari
(D) Tuticorin
4. In which one of the following years did the French
Revolution' take place? 1
(A) 1780
(B) 1789
(C) 1798
(D) 1790
5. Mention any two features of 'town planning' of the
'Harappan Civilization'. 2x1=2
Ans:- The main features of town planning were as follows:
(i) Each city
was divided into two parts - the raised area called 'garh' and 'lower city'.
(ii) Main roads
follow a grid pattern running from north to south or east to west.
6. Mention any two reforms brought by Swami Dayanand
Saraswati in the field of education.
1+0.5+0.5=2
Ans:- Dayanand dealt a terrible blow to Lord
Macaulay's outlook on English education. For the revival of India's glory,
Dayananda laid emphasis on Vedic education which was based on morality.
Dayanand advocated equality of treatment in the educational institution.
Emphasis was to be laid on character building of students advocating
moral-based education. Dayanand has written in Satyarth Prakash-
"It is the
highest duty of parents, teachers and relatives to adorn children with good,
good education, nobility of character, sophistication of behavior and
affability of nature..."
He also recruited
good, noble and kind teachers who mastered their subject. Then and only then,
he will be able to infuse new energy and vitality in the veins of his students.
Thus, according to Dayanand, the motto of education was self-control and
character building.
7. Mention any two features of the Western Ghats. 2x1=2
Ans:- Features of Western Ghats:-
(i) The Western
Ghats run parallel to the western coast of India.
(ii) Important
rivers like Tungabhadra, Krishna, Godavari have their origin in the Western
Ghats.
8. Explain the provisions under the 'Right against
Exploitation' given in the Indian Constitution. 2x1=2
Ans:- Article 24 states that "no child below the
age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or in
any other hazardous employment." The fundamental right against
exploitation is guaranteed to all citizens, which prohibits child labor in
mines, factories and hazardous conditions.
9. Describe any four characteristics of Indian economy
during the Medieval period.
4x1=4
Ans:- Economic Development in Medieval India:
(i) Agriculture
was well developed.
(ii) The major
part of agricultural produce was obtained by the kings and zamindars.
(iii) Jagir
system was prevalent.
(iv) Middlemen
controlled the sale of products.
10. Explain the negative impacts of 'Imperialism in the
world. 4x1=4
Ans:- Negative effects of 'imperialism' in the world:
(i) They
destroyed the self-reliance of their rural society by breaking the age-old
structure of agrarian economy in the colonies and forcing them to grow
commercial crops.
(ii) They made
land revenue policies according to their advantage and collected excessive land
revenue and ousted the farmers from their land for non-payment. It destroyed
the very basis of economic development of the countries of Asia and Africa.
(iii) They
ruined the traditional handicrafts and cottage industry of the colonies and
rendered many people unemployed.
(iv) They
considered themselves to be socially superior and culturally more advanced than
the people of their colonies.
11 Highlight the impacts of British on Indian society in
the 19th century. 4x1=4
Ans:- After the British came to India, many changes
took place in the Indian society. Some social practices like female feticide,
child marriage, sati system, polygamy and rigid caste system became more
prevalent in the 19th century. These practices were against human dignity and
values.
Economic
Impact:
(i) India became
an economic colony of industrial England.
(ii) The Indian
handloom weaving industry came under the grip of industrialization in England
and eventually collapsed.
(a) Indian
handicrafts lost both domestic and foreign markets.
(iii) The land
revenue experiments described below caused hardship to the farmers:
(a) Permanent
Settlement System of Lord Cornwallis
(b) Ryotwari and
Mahalwari system
(iv) Where the
number of landless laborers increased, the commercialization of agriculture
affected the workers badly.
This led to the
birth of a new moneylender class where the peasants were exploited as they had
to borrow money from moneylenders.
Social and
Cultural Influence:
(i) among social
issues like sati, child marriage, infanticide; Ideas like liberty, equality,
liberty and human rights were brought by the British.
(ii) Various
legal measures were introduced to improve the status of women in the society.
(iii) The
British showed keen interest in bringing the English language to the Indian
society.
(a) Local
languages were ignored
(iv) The British
Parliament issued the Charter Act of 1813 by which an amount of one lakh rupees
was approved for the propagation of Western science in India.
(COMING SOON)
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