AHSEC| CLASS 11| GEOGRAPHY| SOLVED PAPER - 2018| H.S.1ST YEAR
2018
GEOGRAPHY
Full Marks: 100
Time: 3 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the
questions
1. Find out the correct answer of the following: 1x7=7
a) The most essential layer of the atmosphere for biosphere is
(i) Troposphere.
(ii) Mesosphere.
(iii) Ionosphere.
(iv) Stratosphere.
Ans:- (i) Troposphere.
b) In which year was the Disaster Management Bill introduced in India?
(i) 2003.
(ii) 2004.
(iii) 2005.
(iv) 2006.
Ans:- (iii) 2005.
c) What is the total geographical area of India?
(i) 32.78 lakh km2.
(ii) 78.32 lakh km2.
(iii) 32.87 lakh km2.
(iv) 23.78 lakh km2.
Ans:- (iii) 32.87 lakh km2.
d) Which of the following landforms of the desert form parallel to the
direction of the wind?
(i) Barchans.
(ii) Traverse sand dune.
(iii) Longitudinal sand dune.
(iv) Loess.
Ans:- (iii) Longitudinal sand dune.
e) Who was considered as the father of Human Geography?
(i) Hecataeus.
(ii) Eratosthenes.
(iii) Carl Ritter.
(iv) Vidal de La Blache.
Ans:- (iii) Carl Ritter.
f) Which of the following lakes is located in Imphal plain?
(i) Dal.
(ii) Loktak.
(iii) Ullar.
(iv) Chilka.
Ans:- (ii) Loktak.
g) Which of the following oceans is the deepest?
(i) Atlantic Ocean.
(ii) Pacific Ocean.
(iii) Indian Ocean.
(iv) Arctic Ocean.
Ans:- (ii) Pacific Ocean.
2. Give short answer: 2x8=16
a) Name two landmasses separated by Tethys Sea.
Ans:- Laurasia and Gondwana.
b) Which line of latitude passes through the centre of India and what
is its latitude?
Ans:- Tropic of cancer, 23.5 degrees north
of the equator.
c) Name two major branches of Geography.
Ans:- (i) Plant Geography, (ii) Zoo
Geography.
d) Name two National Parks of Assam.
Ans:- Kaziranga and Manas.
e) Which are the largest and smallest planets of the solar system?
Ans:- Mercury and Jupiter
f) Mention two important reasons of global warming.
Ans:- There are two important causes of global warming:
(i) Deforestation, especially tropical forests for wood pulp and
agricultural land.
(ii) Carbon dioxide emissions from power plants burning fossil
fuels.
g) Name two famous mountains of Deccan plateau.
Ans:- Vindhya and Aravali.
h) Name two important rivers of Punjab.
Ans:- Jhelum and Sutlej.
3. Write short notes on (any five): 3x5=15
(a) Continental shelf.
Ans:- A continental shelf is the edge of
a continent that lies beneath the ocean. Continents are the seven main parts of
land on Earth. A continental shelf extends from the coast of a continent to a
drop-off point called a shelf break. From the break, the shelf descends towards
the deep ocean floor called the continental slope.
Even though they are under water, continental shelves are part of a
continent. The actual boundary of a continent is not its coastline, but the
edge of the continental shelf. The width of the continental shelf varies. Along
parts of the US state of California, for example, the continental shelf extends
less than a kilometer (.62 mi). But along the northern coast of Siberia, the
shelf extends for about 1,290 kilometers (800 mi). The continental shelf has an
average width of 65 kilometers (40 mi). Most of the continental shelf is a
broad, gently sloping plain covered by relatively shallow water. The average
depth of water on the continental shelf is about 60 m (200 ft). Sunlight
penetrates the shallow waters, and a wide variety of organisms thrive – from
microscopic shrimp to giant seaweeds called kelp. Ocean currents and river
runoff bring nutrients to the organisms that live on continental shelves.
Plants and algae make the continental shelf a rich food base for
marine organisms. The shelves cover less than 10 percent of the total area of
the oceans. Yet all sea plants and many types of algae live in sunlit waters.
In some places, deep valleys and channels cut through the
continental shelf. Little light penetrates these submarine basins, and they are
sometimes the least explored areas of the continents. Often, submarine canyons
form near the mouths of rivers. Strong river currents cut deeply into the soft
material of the continental shelf, just as they cut the rocks above land. The
Congo Basin, which extends from the mouth of the Congo River, is 800 kilometers
(497 mi) long and 1,200 meters (3,900 ft) deep. Congo Valley is part of Africa.
(b) Greenhouse gas.
Ans:- A greenhouse gas is one of several
gases that can absorb and emit long-wave (infrared) radiation in planetary
atmospheres. This phenomenon is often called the greenhouse effect. About 40%
of the energy from sunlight that hits the Earth's surface is re-radiated
upwards into the atmosphere in the form of long wave radiation. About 75% of
that upwardly radiated long wave energy is absorbed by water vapor, carbon
dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases. Since this absorption process is
molecular in nature, the subsequent reradiation of energy by these gases is
multidimensional. As a result, about 50% of the longwave emissions are
re-radiated back towards Earth where it is once again converted to heat energy.
Through this process, greenhouse gases contribute to the amount of heat energy
released at Earth's surface and into the lower atmosphere.
Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, concentrations of
carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide have increased dramatically due to
human activities. Fossil fuel combustion, land use change, increasingly
intensive agriculture, and a growing global human population are the primary
causes of these increases. Other greenhouse gases found in our planet's
atmosphere include water vapor, ozone, sulfur hexafluoride, and
chlorofluorocarbons.
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