AHSEC| CLASS 12| EDUCATION| CHAPTER - 3| CURRENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION| SOLVED QUESTIONS FOR 4 MARK EACH| H.S. 2ND YEAR

CURRENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION

Solved questions for 4 mark each:

1. How Environmental Education can be imparted in an educational institution? Exam paper - 2016

Ans: The principles that an educational institution follows in imparting environmental education are:

(i) Environmental education helps in making learning experiences from simple to complex. For example, children watch a bird, watch it eat figs or insects, or watch it fly. All of this gives them some awareness of the birds' eating and flying habits.

(ii) Environmental education helps children to move from uncertain ideas to definite ideas. For example, an infant is not able to differentiate between colours, but as it grows up, it learns to discriminate between different colours.

(iii) Environmental education helps children to move from concrete to abstract. Since the environment is full of concrete things that children can examine and classify and interpret and then draw their own conclusions and inferences about them.

(iv) Social relevance of environmental education is- its relevance to man's interaction with his physical and social environment, its relevance to changing human tendencies due to which man hates man and does not belong to any group like caste, creed, colour and religion etc. Creates hatred on any ground.

2. Why is there a need for population education?

Ans: Need for population education:

(i) Population education helps in removing the superstitions present in the minds of the people. This education is very necessary for the maintenance of quality life.

(ii) Population education is essential for improving the quality of general education.

(iii) Population education study on the problems arising out of population explosion and the measures to deal with them.

(iv) Population education helps in establishing equality of gender by helping women to attain their rightful status and become equal to their male counterparts.

(v) It is necessary to make a responsible citizen.

3. Is modern physical education different from ancient times? How?

Ans: It is said that physical education should be included in the first ten years of schooling. For proper development of body, mind and spirit, health and physical education including games and sports should be included in both the reasons and evaluation of the performance of the students.

Exercise, gymnastics, athletics, judo, yoga, tea drill, scouting and guiding etc. should be introduced at the upper primary level. These options should be made available subject to the facilities available and the performance of the learners. Provision should be made in health education to create awareness among the learners regarding general health problems, safety measures, nutritional problems, first aid, sanitation and pollution.

At high school level, athletics, gymnastics, yoga, meditation, swimming etc. are to be included in the curriculum of physical education camp and various team games and completions should be introduced both at upper primary and high school level. NCC, guiding, scouting, social service should be added to the compulsory programs of physical education. Health education should emphasize on the maintenance of proper health. Effects of environmental pollution on health, food and nutrition, control. and prevention of diseases and so on.

4. What are the principles of environmental education?

Ans: The objectives of environmental education are:

(i) Acquire a basic understanding of the interrelationship of the components and factors of the environment and the processes taking place in it.

(ii) To develop desirable values and attitudes, special concern and responsibility towards the protection and enhancement of the environment.

(iii) To acquire and refine skills in identifying, assessing and solving environmental problems.

(iv) To develop a sense of urgency to respond to environmental issues and problems and to take action towards their solution.

5. Why is women empowerment important?

Ans: (i) Women are generally found to be economically weak in our country. Only a negligible number of women in urban areas are economically dependent on men and this fact has made them vulnerable. They need economic independence to be equal to men.

(ii) In most of the underdeveloped and developing countries, women are found to be less literate than men and this has forced them to become dependent and subordinate to men. According to the 2001 census, the literacy rate for males in India is 76% while it is only 64% for females.

The dropout rate is also found to be comparatively higher in case of females. Lack of education is the main reason for their exploitation and neglect. Only literacy can help them understand the constitutional and legislative provisions meant to strengthen them.

6. Environmental education is education from environment, education about environment, education for environment, discuss.

Ans: Today it is becoming increasingly important to counter the danger inherent in the increasing degradation of our environment, pollution of air, water and soil, mechanization of life, physical and mental aberrations resulting from artificial and violet stimuli in the form of noise, but Depletion of renewable resources, increasing content of chemicals in human animal food and their harmful effects, degradation of natural conditions, ecological balance and life activities harmful to the natural environment.

Environmental education is the first and foremost step to save the environment from further degradation. Thus, its real function is to create awareness, interest and involvement of people, to provide basic knowledge about man-nature interaction and to adopt recommended measures to maintain ecological balance from its impact. The program of prudent environmental management can be successful unless the general public is familiar with the principles, theories and practical methods of protecting and rationally using the nation's resources and improving the environmental conditions of man. Therefore, it has the most important role to play in solving the major problems of environmental degradation and nature conservation.

An essentially interdisciplinary approach and an appreciation of the mutuality of social, cultural, political, economic and technological awareness in man with geological, atmospheric and biological systems, nature is expressive. However, it is desirable to acquire conscious knowledge related to it at all levels of formal education. Thus, to import environmental education the traditional faculties of a universe have grouped it together in one school system. It should be an interfaculty or super faculty programme.

7. Describe different mode for providing Physical education. Exam paper - 2014

Ans: It is said that physical education should be included in the first ten years of schooling. Physical education including games and sports should be included in both the reasons and evaluation of the performance of the students for proper development of body mind.

Exercise, gymnastics, Jado, Yoga, drill, scouting and guiding etc. should be introduced at the upper primary level. These options should be made available subject to the facilities available and the performance of the learners. in health education. Provision should be made to create awareness among the learners regarding common health problems, safety measures, nutritional problems, first aid, sanitation and pollution. Athletics, gymnastics, yoga, meditation, swimming etc. are to be included in the curriculum of physical education camps at the high school level and various team games and completions should be introduced at both the upper primary and high school stages. NCC, guiding, scouting, social service should be added to the compulsory programs of physical education. Education should emphasize on maintenance of proper health, effects of environmental pollution on health, food and nutrition, control and prevention of diseases etc.

8. Point out the characteristics of Environmental Education. Exam paper - 2016

Ans: The features of environmental education are as follows:

(i) Environmental education should be a continuous and a never-ending process.

(ii) Environmental education should be a lifelong process from birth till the last moment of death.

(iii) It should pay special attention to the complexity of environmental problems.

(iv) It should have social relevance.

9. What are the objectives of environmental education?

Ans: The objectives of environmental education are as follows:

(i) To make the world population aware of environment and related problems.

(ii) To help the individual to understand the natural relationship between man and the environment.

(iii) To create a sense of responsibility among the individuals towards the environment.

(iv) To help in the development of awareness and sensitivity towards the environment and its related problems.

10 What are the objectives of women empowerment?

Ans: The objectives of women empowerment are as follows:

(i) Physical, mental, spiritual, moral, intellectual, social, political development of women.

(ii) To develop and unleash the hidden talent of women.

(iii) To develop the cultural potential of women.

(iv) To improve the social status of women.

11. Describe the various elements of environment.

Ans: The various elements of environment are:

(i) Physical elements like land, air and water.

(ii) Biotic elements like plants and animals.

(iii) Social elements like population, social system, social relations, urbanization, social change etc.

(iv) Cultural elements like political, economic, social, moral values of life, religion etc.

(v) Energy sources like solar energy, geothermal energy etc.

12. Explain the relationship between education and environment. Exam paper - 2013

Ans: It can be said that education is a process as well as a product. As a process, education can be considered as a lifelong process where modification of an individual's behavior is the result of learning interaction with the environment. Education as a product helps an individual to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes etc. which are the products of collective life. Education becomes a product when it is used in the form of assimilation of the culture of any society and its transfer from one generation to another.

13. Discuss the role of co-curricular activities in imparting environmental education among the students.

Ans: Co-curricular activities played an important role in environmental education. Teaching strategies of environmental education can be used to impart awareness, develop skills and develop attitudes towards environment but problem solving and active participation in protection and conservation of environment is an equally important area of environmental education. Various co-curricular activities can be organized as the most important and appropriate means to provide such opportunities to the students.

Co-curricular activities can be organized through various programmes:

(i) Cleaning the environment inside and outside the school through NSS camps

(ii) To grow plants and develop gardens to protect the environment.

(iii) Cleaning of public places, parks etc.

(iv) Construction of roads in rural areas by organizing NSS camps, scout and guide camps etc.

(v) Helping villagers dig pits for waste management and also teaching them how bio-degradable and non-degradable waste should be managed.

14. What is the role of teacher in imparting environmental education in educational institutions?

Ans: Teacher can play a vital role in implementing the programs and realizing the objectives of environmental education as well as organizing various co-curricular activities in the school and outside the school. The teacher should have the ability to organize curricular and co-curricular activities effectively.

In this context, the Education Commission and the National Education Policy 1986 recommended two main educational programs

(i) National Social Service Scheme (NSS)

(ii) Socially Useful Productive Work (SUPW)

15. Discuss four important aspects in the areas of environmental education.

Ans: The four important aspects in the field of environmental education are as follows:

(i) Population explosion and its effect on environment.

(ii) The problem of environmental pollution and its remedial measures.

(iii) Measures for the control, development and protection of environmental degradation and environmental degradation.

(iv) Formation of man's attitude and values towards environmental protection and intimate love for the environment.

16. Discuss the role of physical education in developing self-confidence and inculcating team spirit.

Ans: Physical education helps in developing qualities like self-confidence, mental alertness, self-control, courage, resourcefulness etc. Physical activities including sports make us feel active and alert. Students play and perform activities according to certain rules. Introduction of physical education at primary and high school level helps in the physical, mental, spiritual and social development of the students as well as in developing team spirit, leadership instincts, obedience, co-operation, empathy, integrity etc. Physical education also helps in building the character and personality of the student.

17. Explain the status of women in Indian society.

Ans: Man and woman are the best creation of God on the earth. The selected moments presented by the Creator to men and women have equal rights for both. Therefore, there should be equal participation between men and women and respect for human dignity in all activities. Swami Vivekananda had said, "Just as a bird cannot fly on one wing, no society can squander progress by allowing its women to engage in all activities." This statement has rightly explained the importance or importance of women in our society. Jawaharlal Nehru said long ago that "educating a man is educating a family". Education improves the status of women within the family and prepares them to play any role in the wider context. Mother is called the first teacher of the child. Mother is the key to the quality of the coming generation. This shows that women's education is paramount for the progress of the society. The overall literacy rate of India as per the 2011 census report is 74.04%; Where female literacy rate is 65.46% and male is 82.14%. Government of India adopted a national policy of education for women empowerment such as:

(i) To reserve 33% seats for women.

(ii) Establishment of 'Mahila Bank' Women should be involved in all kinds of activities.

18. How does population education help the learners?

Ans: Population education helps the learners as follows:

(i) It helps to create awareness among the learners about the impact of rapid growth of population on the socio-economic condition, on social life, on human beings and environment.

(ii) It is necessary to make the learner a responsible citizen.

(iii) It helps in removing superstitions and beliefs from the minds of the people.

(iv) It is also helping the learners to maintain the quality and standard of living.

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