IGNOU| FASHION, TEXTILES, PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND MERCHANDISING (BHC - 006)| SOLVED PAPER – (DEC - 2022)| (CAPMER)
CERTIFICATE IN APPAREL MERCHANDISING
(CAPMER)
Term-End Examination
December - 2022
BHC-006
FASHION, TEXTILES, PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT AND MERCHANDISING
Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 100
Note: (i) Attempt any five questions.
(ii) All
questions carry equal marks.
1. (a) Describe any four elements of design. 10
Ans:- There
are four elements of design:-
(i) Visual
elements: shape, size, color and texture
(ii)
Relational elements: direction, position, location and gravity
(iii)
Pragmatic elements: representation, meaning and function
(iv)
Conceptual elements: point, line, plane and volume
Here are
some more design elements:-
(i) Line:
Lines can be vertical, horizontal, zigzag, diagonal or curved. Dashed and
dotted lines can also be used.
(ii) Shape:
Shapes can be geometric or organic.
(iii)
Colour: Color creates specific mood, atmosphere and emotions.
(iv)
Texture: Texture can create a more three-dimensional appearance on a
two-dimensional surface.
Other
elements of design include:- form, balance, value.
The four
elements of a design model are:-
(i)
Architecture
(ii) Interface
design
(iii)
Component-level design
(iv)
deployment-level design
(b) Discuss
the design process stages, using examples wherever necessary. 10
Ans:- The
five stages of the design thinking process are:-
(i)
Empathy: Research the needs of users
(ii)
Define: State the needs and problems of the users
(iii)
Consider: Challenge assumptions and generate ideas
(iv)
Prototype: Start creating the solution
(v) Test:
Try the solution
Here are
some examples of each step:-
(i)
Empathy: Designers should consider the human needs involved in solving the
problem.
(ii)
Define: Failure to complete this step properly can stall projects later in
the process.
(iii)
Brainstorming: Designers brainstorm ideas, challenge assumptions and create
solutions to a problem.
(iv)
Prototype: Prototype is a product made to test ideas and changes until it
resembles the final product.
(v)
Testing: During the testing phase, designers observe target users as they
interact with the prototype.
Other
stages of the design process include:-
(i)
Research: Engineers often find out what solutions have been implemented in
the past.
(ii)
Communicate: Designers should connect with other design teams and have open
communication with engineers, business managers, and others.
2. (a) Define fashion and discuss the evolution of
fashion cycle. 10
Ans:- Fashion
is a term that can be used to describe the creation of clothing, shoes,
accessories, cosmetics and jewellery. It can also describe the mixing and
matching of these items in outfits that reflect specific ways of dressing.
Fashion can
also be defined as follows:-
(i) A popular
style of clothes, hair, etc. at a particular time or place
(ii) The state
of being popular in the latest fashion
(iii) A style
in clothes, cosmetics, behaviour, etc., especially the latest or most admired
style
(iv) A way of
life that revolves around the most fashionable activities, attire, interests,
etc.
(v) Business
of making and selling
Fashion can be
appreciated by how it looks and how it is made. For example, Yves Saint
Laurent's Mondrian dress is credited as the first fashion design to comment on
art in the Pop idiom, transforming a painting by Piet Mondrian into a silk
crepe garment.
The fashion
cycle is a natural cycle that fashion trends go through. It can be divided into
five stages: introduction, rise, peak, decline, obsolescence.
The fashion
cycle is usually represented as a bell-shaped curve. The cycle may reflect a
single style from a designer or the acceptance of a general style such as the
miniskirt.
Today the life
cycle of fashion trends has changed. Technology and social media have made them
much smaller and less predictable than before.
People are
influenced by popular culture, including athletes, musicians, movie stars,
social media, and royalty. Fashion leaders like designers, brands, fashion
influencers, TV and film stars, models and social media celebrities have huge
fans and have the ability to influence people who like and follow them.
The life cycle
of a fashion trend can generally be divided into five stages: introduction,
rise, peak, decline, and obsolescence. Today the life cycle of fashion trends
has changed; Technology and social media have made them much smaller and less
predictable than before.
(b) Write
about footwear as an important fashion accessory. 10
Ans:- Here is
an essay about shoes as an important fashion accessory:
(i) Shoes are an
essential part of our daily lives, protecting our feet from the elements and
providing comfort and support. But shoes can also be a stylish and fashionable
way of expressing our individual personality.
(ii) In ancient
times, shoes were mainly used for safety. Early shoes were made from animal
skin and were designed to protect the feet from sharp objects, cold weather,
and rough terrain. Over time, shoes began to evolve as people started
experimenting with different materials and designs.
(iii) Shoes
became increasingly fashionable in the 18th and 19th centuries. This was in
part due to the rise of the Industrial Revolution, which led to the emergence
of a new middle class with disposable income. This new class of people were
eager to show off their wealth and status through their clothing and
accessories, and shoes were no exception.
(iii) In the
20th century, footwear continued to evolve, with new materials and designs becoming
increasingly popular. The rise of sportswear in the 1960s and 1970s led to the
popularity of sneakers and other casual footwear. In the 1980s and 1990s, high
heels and other designer shoes became increasingly popular, symbolizing luxury
and sophistication.
(iv) Today,
shoes are more diverse than ever before. There are shoes for every occasion,
from formal dress shoes to casual sneakers to hiking boots. And from classic
and timeless to trendy and cutting-edge, there are shoes for every style.
(v) Shoes are an
important part of our wardrobe, and can be a great way to express our personal
style. Whether we are choosing a pair of shoes for a special occasion or just
for everyday wear, we have many options to choose from. And with so many
different styles and designs available, we're sure to find the perfect pair of
shoes to suit our wardrobe.
Here are
some reasons why shoes are an important fashion accessory:-
(i) Shoes can
make a statement: A pair of stylish shoes can make a bold statement about
your personal style. Whether you choose a pair of brightly colored shoes, a
pair with unique details, or a pair from a famous designer, your shoes can help
you stand out from the crowd.
(ii) Shoes
can complete an outfit: No outfit is complete without a pair of shoes. The
right pair of shoes can help pull an outfit together and make it look its best.
For example, a pair of heels can add a touch of elegance to a cocktail dress,
while a pair of sneakers can add a touch of casualness to a pair of jeans.
(iii) Shoes
can be comfortable and practical: Shoes are not just about fashion. They're
also about comfort and practicality. A pair of well-made shoes can provide the
support and cushioning your feet need to stay comfortable all day long. And a
pair of durable shoes can protect your feet from the elements and injury.
(iv) Shoes
can be a status symbol: Shoes are seen as a status symbol in many cultures.
A pair of expensive or designer shoes can be seen as a sign of wealth and
sophistication.
Overall,
footwear is an important fashion accessory that can help you express your
personal style, complete an outfit, and protect your feet. When choosing a pair
of shoes, it's important to consider your personal style, the occasion, and
your budget. With so many different styles and designs available, you're sure
to find the perfect pair of shoes to suit your wardrobe.
These are a
type of shoes worn to protect and cover the feet, which come under the category
of clothing. However, shoes also serve as an accessory to enhance one's outfit
and style. They can be chosen to match or complement clothing, making them a
fashion accessory as well.
3. Define yarn. Describe classification of yarn in
detail. 20
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