AHSEC| CLASS 11| ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION| SOLVED PAPER - 2018| H.S.1ST YEAR
2018
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Full Marks: 40
Pass Marks: 12
Time: 2 hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
1. Write very short answer of the foIIowing questions: 1x8=8
(a) Name a trace gas of the atmosphere.
Ans:- Earth's atmosphere is made up of
approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon and 0.1% other gases. The
other 0.1% includes carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor and small amounts of
neon.
(b) Name the important chemical species of stratosphere.
Ans:- The most important is HNO3,
which augments H2O as a source of HOx in the lower stratosphere. The
halogen reserves, HOCl and HOBr, are short-lived.
(c) What is meant by grazing food chain?
Ans:- A grazing food chain (GFC) is a
food chain where energy is acquired at the lowest trophic level through
photosynthesis. The GFC begins with producers, like green plants, who create
their own food through photosynthesis. The energy then flows from the producers
to the herbivores (primary consumers), then to carnivores (secondary
consumers), and so on.
(d) Give an exampIe of contaminant PoIIutant.
Ans:- Pesticide.
(e) What is gIobaI warming?
Ans:- Global warming is the phenomenon
of gradual increase in temperatures near the Earth's surface. This phenomenon
has been observed for the last one or two centuries. This change has disturbed
the Earth's climate patterns. Although the concept of global warming is quite
controversial but scientists have provided relevant data in support of the fact
that the temperature of the earth is continuously increasing.
(f) Write the fuII form of ASDRF.
Ans:- Assam Disaster Response Force.
(g) Mention any two informatory road-sign.
Ans:- Alternative routes and nearest
hospital.
(h) What does it signify if there is a white broken line on a
two-way road?
Ans:- A white broken line on a two-way
road separating opposite traffic streams. It indicates which lanes vehicles
traveling in the same direction can use.
2. Answer any five questions of the
foIIowing: 2x5=10
(a) Distinguish between lotic and lentic ecosystem.
Ans:- Lentic and lotic ecosystems are
two types of freshwater ecosystems.
The main difference between them is the movement of the water:
(i) Lentic: Still water ecosystems, such
as lakes, ponds, and swamps. The word "lentic" comes from the Latin
word lentus, which means "slow" or "motionless".
(ii) Lotic: Flowing water ecosystems,
such as rivers and streams. The word "lotic" comes from the Latin
word lotus, which means "washing".
(b) Mention any four ways of conservation of land resource.
Ans:- Here are four ways of conserving land resources:-
(i) Afforestation: It is the process of
planting trees in an area where there are no trees or where trees have been
cut. Afforestation can help improve soil, prevent erosion, and provide habitat
for wildlife.
(ii) Soil Conservation: It is the
process of protecting soil from erosion and erosion. Soil conservation can be
done using techniques such as terraced ploughing, contour ploughing, and crop
rotation.
(iii) Water Conservation: It is the
process of protecting water resources and using them wisely. Water conservation
can be done by using techniques like rainwater harvesting, drip irrigation and
water-efficient appliances.
(iv) Waste Management: It is the process
of waste management which protects the environment and human health. Waste
management can be done by reducing the amount of waste generated, recycling
waste and composting organic waste.
(c) What is productive value of biodiversity?
Ans:- There is a huge diversity of
plants and animals on Earth, both domesticated and wild, as well as a wide
range of habitats and ecosystems. This diversity meets the food, medicinal,
clothing, shelter, spiritual and recreational needs of millions of people
around the world. It also ensures that ecological functions such as clean water
supply, nutrient cycling and soil protection are maintained. In fact, the loss
of biodiversity would mean a threat to the existence of the human race itself.
(d) Write about any four probable problems related to earthquake.
Ans:- Here are four probable problems related to an earthquake:-
(i) Ground shaking: This is the most
common and destructive effect of earthquake. Strong ground shaking can cause
buildings to collapse, roads to bend and bridges to collapse. Ground shaking
can also cause landslides and avalanches.
(ii) Landslides and avalanches:
Earthquakes can cause landslides and avalanches, blocking roads, burying houses
and causing damage to infrastructure. Landslides and avalanches can also cause
tsunamis.
(iii) Tsunami: Tsunamis are huge waves
that can be caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions.
Tsunamis can travel at speeds of up to 500 miles per hour and reach heights of
more than 100 feet. Tsunami can cause widespread damage and loss of life.
(iv) Fire: Due to earthquake, gas lines
or electric wires may break and fire may occur. Fires can also occur due to
collapse of buildings or burning of flammable materials. Fires can spread
quickly and cause extensive damage. (e) What are the major causes of road
accident?
(f) State any four rules to be obeyed while travelling by bus.
Ans:- Here are four rules to follow while traveling by bus:-
(i) Reach the bus stop at least 5 minutes before the scheduled arrival
time: This will give you enough time to board the
bus and find a seat without rushing.
(ii) Always board the bus from the front door: This will help prevent accidents and overcrowding.
(iii) Once you're on the bus, find a seat and stay seated until you
reach your destination: this will help keep you
safe and prevent the bus from becoming too crowded.
(iv) When you are exiting the bus, make sure to use the handrail and
disembark carefully: this will help prevent
accidents.
(g) What valid documented should be carried by a non-transport
(personal) vehicle?
Ans:- Here are some documents you should keep in your car:-
(i) Registration Certificate: This
document proves that the vehicle is legally registered. It contains information
like vehicle registration number, engine number and chassis number. You can
carry either the original copy or a notarized photocopy.
(ii) Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate: This document proves that the gases and smoke emitted from your car
meet the emission standards set by the concerned authority. According to the
Motor Vehicles Act, PUC certificate is a mandatory document to legally drive a
vehicle in India.
(iii) Car Insurance Certificate: This is
another essential document to carry in your car.
Other documents you may want to keep in
your car include: Driving License, Aadhar Card, Passport, International Driving
License, Permit.
3.
Answer any three questions of the foIIowing: 4x3=12
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