AHSEC| CLASS 12| PSYCHOLOGY| SOLVED PAPER - 2019| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2019
PSYCHOLOGY
(Theory)
Full Marks: 70
Pass Marks: 21
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions
1. Answer the following:
(a) Write very short answers to the following questions: 1x4=4
(i) What is Stress? 1
Ans:- Stress is a dynamic mental state that can occur due to disruption of homeostasis. It is a response to a threat, challenge, or physical or psychological obstacle.
(ii) Define Conformity. 1
Ans:- Conformity is the tendency of people to change their behavior to fit in with a group. It may also involve changing beliefs, attitudes or perceptions to match that of a group.
(iii) What is Natural disaster? 1
Ans:- Natural disaster is a destructive event caused by severe weather that can cause loss of life and property. Some examples of natural disasters include:-
Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, hurricanes, blizzards and hailstorms, wildfires, tornadoes.
(iv) What is aggression? 1
Ans:- Aggression is any behavior that is intended to harm another person or people. Aggression can be intentional, accidental or subconscious.
(b) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words: 1x4=4
(i) According to Freud’s theory, the primary structural elements of personality are the id, ego and superego.
(ii) Hallucinations are the perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli. 1
(iii) Systematic desensitization is a behavioural technique introduced by Joseph Wolpe. 1
(iv) Interpersonal communication refers to the communication that takes place between two or more persons who establish a communicative relationship. 1
2. Write short answers to the following questions: 2x10=20
(a) What is Creativity? 2
Ans:- Creativity is the ability to create new things or solve problems in new ways. It can also be defined as the ability to produce original work, theory, technique or idea.
Creative individuals typically exhibit originality, imagination, and expression.
(b) Define Personality. 2
Ans:- Personality is a person's unique adjustment to life. It includes a person's interests, values, abilities, and emotional patterns.
Personality is a person's distinctive way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. These include: mood, attitudes, opinions, behavioral characteristics.
(c) What is Modelling? 2
Ans:- Modeling is a process where a client learns how to behave by observing the behavior of a role model or therapist.
Modeling is a way of learning by copying the behavior of someone else. For example, children use modeling to learn how to use utensils or tie their shoes.
(d) What do you understand by the term congruency? 2
Ans:- Congruency is a condition where a person's ideal self and actual experiences are consistent or very similar. It can also be defined as the match between psychological characteristics and behavior.
The word comes from the Latin verb congruere, meaning "to join together" or "to agree". In other words, congruence occurs when a person's values, beliefs, words, and actions are in perfect harmony.
(e) What is Paraphrasing? 2
Ans:- Paraphrasing is a communication tool that involves restating a message in the listener's own words. It's a way of repeating what someone has said, using your own words to express main ideas. Paraphrase is different from summary, which is a more condensed version of a source or piece of information.
(f) What is the difference between personal identity and social identity? 2
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