IGNOU| INDUSTRIAL SAFETY: RULES AND ACTS (MIS - 022)| SOLVED PAPER – (DEC - 2023)| (PGCINDS/ PGDINDS)
P. G. CERTIFICATE IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY/P.G. DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY (PGCINDS/PGDINDS)
Term-End Examination
December - 2023
MIS–022
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY: RULES AND ACTS
Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70
Note: (i) Answer any seven questions.
(ii) All
questions carry equal marks.
1. (a) What is Safety Engineering? Discuss its importance in industrial occupations. 5
Ans:-
Safety engineering is a discipline that applies engineering principles and
methods to identify, analyze, and mitigate hazards in industrial businesses.
Its primary goal is to prevent accidents, injuries, and illnesses by designing
safe systems, processes, and environments.
Safety
engineers work closely with occupational health and safety experts to assess
risks, develop safety protocols, and implement control measures. They analyze
work environments, equipment, and processes to identify potential hazards such
as excessive noise, heat, dust, vibration, and ergonomic issues.
The
importance of safety engineering in industrial businesses cannot be
underestimated. this helps:-
(i) Protect
workers: By identifying and minimizing hazards, safety engineering reduces
the risk of accidents, injuries, and illnesses, thereby ensuring a safe work
environment for employees.
(ii)
Improves productivity: A safe work environment reduces absenteeism,
increases morale and increases productivity.
(iii)
Reduce costs: Accidents and injuries can result in significant costs for
employers, including medical expenses, lost productivity, and legal
liabilities. Security engineering helps reduce these costs.
(iv) Ensure
compliance: Safety engineering helps organizations comply with occupational
health and safety regulations, thereby reducing the risk of fines and legal
penalties.
(v) Enhance
reputation: Companies that prioritize safety are often viewed more favourably
by employees, customers, and the general public.
Safety
engineering involves a range of techniques and tools, including hazard
analysis, risk assessment and the design of engineering controls such as
machine guards, ventilation systems and ergonomic workstations. It also
includes the development of safety training programs and implementation of emergency
response plans.
In conclusion,
safety engineering is an important discipline that helps protect workers,
improve productivity, and ensure compliance in industrial businesses. By
applying engineering principles and methods to identify and mitigate hazards,
safety engineers play a vital role in creating safer and more efficient work
environments.
(b) Explain a
safety training model and discuss its features. 5
Ans:- Safety
training is important for organizations to ensure a safe work environment and
reduce the risk of injury or death. One effective security training model is
the Security Training Kiosk (STK), which provides a comprehensive and
interactive approach to security training.
The
STK model includes the following key features:-
(i)
Interactive and engaging training: STK provides interactive and engaging
training modules that effectively convey safety procedures and protocols to
employees. This interactive approach helps employees better understand safety
concepts and promotes a culture of awareness and adherence to safety standards.
(ii)
Customizable Content: STK is highly customizable, allowing organizations to
tailor training content to meet their specific needs and align with industry
security standards and regulations. This ensures that training modules are
relevant and applicable to the work environment of the organization.
(iii) Strong
Tracking Capabilities: STK has strong tracking capabilities that allow
employers to monitor employee participation and progress in real time. This
data ensures accountability and enables targeted interventions when needed. This
is especially beneficial for organizations that use a labor management system
(LMS).
(iv)
Emergency Preparedness: STK is equipped to deliver comprehensive training
on emergency procedures and evacuation, ensuring that employees are well
prepared for crisis situations. This aspect of training is important for
organizations to comply with industrial safety rules and regulations.
(v) Ease of
Use: The STK interface is intuitively designed for ease of use, ensuring a
user-friendly experience for both employees and visitors. Its simplicity
encourages active engagement with the training content.
(vi)
Compliance with Security Standards: STK Service is designed to align with
industry security standards and regulations. It helps organizations achieve and
maintain compliance, promoting a safer and more regulated work environment. STK
service ensures seamless integration of updates or changes to security
protocols.
By
implementing the safety training kiosk model, organizations can effectively
deliver safety training, promote a culture of safety awareness and comply with
industrial safety rules and acts.
2. (a) What are the four pillars of safety design?
Describe briefly. 5
Ans:- The
four pillars of safety design are part of the Risk-Based Process Safety (RBPS)
management approach.
These
pillars are:-
(i)
Committed to process safety: This pillar emphasizes the importance of
process safety excellence, standards compliance, process safety qualification,
workforce participation and stakeholder outreach.
(ii)
Understand hazards and risks: This pillar forms the foundation of a
risk-based approach and includes elements such as process knowledge management
and hazard identification and risk analysis.
(iii) Manage
Risk: This pillar includes the continuous execution of RBPS functions, such
as operating procedures, safe workplace, asset integrity and reliability,
contractor management, training and performance assurance, among others.
(iv) Learn
from Experience: This pillar focuses on continuous improvement through
activities such as incident investigation, measurement and metrics, auditing,
management reviews and overall continuous improvement efforts.
(b) What are
the general responsibilities of an occupier according to the Factories Act,
1948? Discuss. 5
Ans:- The
Factory Act, 1948, is a landmark law in India, which was enacted to regulate
working conditions within factories, ensuring the safety, health and welfare of
workers. The Act entrusts important responsibilities to the occupier of a
factory, who is defined as the person having ultimate control over the affairs
of the factory. The duties of the occupier are important for the smooth
functioning of the factory and the well-being of its employees.
(i) Obtain
license and give notice: The occupier must obtain a license for setting up
the factory and give a notice to the Chief Inspector, providing details such as
name and address of the factory, name of the owner, name of the manager, number
Will have to do. The number of employees, and any other particulars prescribed
under the Act.
(ii)
Maintaining and providing plant and work systems: The occupier is
responsible for maintaining and providing such plant and work systems as are
safe and free from risk to health. This includes ensuring safety and the
absence of risks to health in relation to the use, handling, storage and
transportation of goods and substances.
(iii)
Provide training to workers: The occupier must provide workers with
adequate training, information, instruction and supervision necessary to ensure
their safety and health.
(iv)
Maintain a safe and healthy working conditions: The occupier must ensure
safe and healthy working conditions, including the maintenance of all
workplaces in a condition that is safe and free from risk to health.
(v)
Formulation of a policy for the factory: The occupier must formulate a
policy for the factory including health and safety measures and disclose this
policy to the workers and the general public.
(vi)
Appoint a safety officer: In factories with 1000 or more workers, or where
hazardous processes are carried out, the owner must appoint a safety officer.
(vii)
Disclose mandatory information: The occupier must disclose mandatory
information and obtain approval from the Chief Inspector regarding hazardous
processes, health and safety measures and use, storage, handling and
transportation of hazardous substances.
(viii) To
carry out specific responsibilities in relation to hazardous processes: The
occupier has specific responsibilities in relation to hazardous processes,
including maintenance of health or medical records of workers, constituting a
safety committee and taking remedial action in case of imminent danger. Doing
is involved.
(ix)
Provide welfare activities: The occupier must ensure provision of all
welfare facilities, prepare a scheme for annual leave with pay and conduct
health and occupational surveys.
In short, the
responsibilities of the occupier under the Factory Act, 1948 are wide and
far-reaching, covering various aspects of factory operations that affect the
safety, health and welfare of workers. These duties are essential to creating a
safe and healthy work environment and ensuring the well-being of employees.
3. (a) Explain the provisions made under Factories
Act towards the dangerous operations, accidents and disease. 5
(b) Describe
step-by-step procedure of processing application for recognition of a new
factory or a laboratory. 5
[COMING SOON]
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