AHSEC| CLASS 12| GEOGRAPHY| SOLVED PAPER - 2024| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2024
GEOGRAPHY
Full
Marks: 70
Pass
Marks: 21
Time:
3 hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
1. Choose the correct answer. (Any four) 1x4=4
(i) Which of the following is not a
source geographical information?
(a) Old Maps
(b) Ancient epics
(c) Traveler's accounts
(d) Sample of rock materials from moon
Ans:- (d)
Sample of rock materials from moon
(ii) Which one of the following age
limits is considered for measuring literary rate of a country?
(a) 5 years
(b) 6 years
(c) 7 years
(d) 12 years
Ans:- (d) 7 years
(iii) Which one of the following is
not a country with high human development?
(a) Japan
(b) Norway
(c) Egypt
(d) Argentina
Ans:- (c) Egypt
(iv) Growing of flowers is called -
(a) Floriculture
(b) Mixed Farming
(c) Truck Farming
(d) Factory Farming
Ans:- (a)
Floriculture
(v) Which one of the following is the
cheapest means of transport?
(a) Roadways
(b) Railways
(c) Waterways
(d) Airways
Ans:- (c)
Waterways
(vi) In which one of the following
states is the major oil fields located?
(a) Bihar
(b) Assam
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Tamil Nadu
Ans:- (b)
Assam
(vii) Which one of the following forms
of settlement develops along either side of roads, river or canals?
(a) circular
(b) linear
(c) cross-shaped
(d) square
Ans:- (b)
linear
(viii) Jamshedpur is a example of
which cities?
(a) Commercial cities
(b) Industrial cities
(c) Mineral towns
(d) Administrative towns
Ans:-
(b) Industrial cities
2.
Answer the following questions in brief (any four) 1x4=4
(a) What are the major components of
the earth?
Ans:- The Earth is made up of several
major components that interact with one another to form a complex system. These
components are often grouped into spheres, each of which plays a vital role in
maintaining the planet's environment.
The primary components of the
Earth include:- (i) Atmosphere, (ii) Hydrosphere, (iii) Lithosphere, (iv)
Biosphere, (v) Cryosphere
(b) What do you understand by negative
growth of population?
Ans:- Negative population growth
occurs when the population declines, usually marked by a higher death rate than
the birth rate or by significant migration. This phenomenon can lead to various
demographic and economic challenges.
(c) What do represent by idea of age structure?
Ans:- The concept of age structure
refers to the distribution of individuals within different age groups in a
population. It is an important demographic characteristic that helps to
understand the structure and dynamics of a population. Age structure can be
represented visually using a population pyramid, which graphically shows the
number or percentage of individuals in different age categories, usually broken
down by gender.
(d) Write the names of four pillars of
Human Development.
Ans:- There are four pillars of
human development:- Equity, Sustainability, Productivity, Empowerment.
(e) What is 'red collar worker'?
Ans:- Red collar workers are
generally defined as government employees who receive their salaries from
government sources. This classification covers a wide range of roles within the
public service, including various administrative and operational positions. The
term "red collar" is derived from the concept of "red ink",
which refers to budget deficits in government finances, symbolizing the financial
aspects of government employment.
(f) In what category of activities is
trade included?
Ans:- Trade is included in the broad
category of commerce, which includes all activities related to the sale,
transfer or exchange of goods and services. Commerce includes two main types
of activities:- Trade, Auxiliaries to Trad.
(g) Which country has the largest road
network in the world?
Ans:- As of 2024, the United States
will have the largest road network in the world.
(f) What is an important specialty of
Mediterranean Agriculture?
Ans:- An important feature of
Mediterranean agriculture is grape cultivation or viticulture. The
Mediterranean region is known for producing some of the best quality wines in
the world, with a distinctive flavor from high-quality grapes.
3.
Answer in brief (any ten): 2x10=20
(a) Give two reasons why Assam is
suitable for rice cultivation.
Ans:- Assam's suitability for
rice cultivation can be attributed to several factors:-
(i) Diverse agro-climatic
conditions:
Assam has three distinct rice growing seasons—Sali (winter), Aahu (autumn)
and Boro (summer)—due to its diverse climatic conditions and dependence on
seasonal rainfall. This allows farmers to cultivate rice throughout the year,
thereby maximising production potential.
(ii) Rich soil fertility: Assam's alluvial soil enriched
by the Brahmaputra River provides the necessary nutrients that support high
rice yields. The region's natural irrigation from the monsoon further enhances
its agricultural viability.
(b) Discuss briefly the environment
pollution caused by solid waters.
Ans:- Environmental pollution
caused by solid waste is a significant concern:-
(i) Land pollution: Improper disposal of solid
waste contaminates soil, affecting agricultural productivity and health. Toxic
substances released from the waste can leach into the soil, threatening crops
and groundwater quality.
(ii) Air pollution: Burning solid waste releases
harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, degrading air quality and causing
respiratory problems among local people. This method is often used as a quick
disposal method, further aggravating environmental problems.
(c) Describe various types of road
transport in India.
Ans:- The various types of road
transport in India are as follows:-
(i) National Highways: Major roads connecting
different states, which facilitate long distance travel and goods transport.
(ii) State Highways: Routes maintained by state
governments, which connect district headquarters and important cities.
(iii) District Roads: These roads connecting rural
areas to urban centres are important for local transport.
(iv) Village Roads: Minor roads that provide
access to remote villages, which are essential for agricultural transport and
connectivity.
(v) Expressways: High-speed roads built for
faster travel, reducing congestion and travel time on major routes.
(d) What are renewable energy source?
Enumerate the characteristics of renewable resources.
Ans:- Renewable energy sources
are those that can be naturally recovered and include:-
(i) Solar energy: Obtained from sunlight using
solar panels.
(ii) Wind energy: Produced from the wind using
turbines.
(iii) Hydroelectricity: Produced from flowing water in
rivers or dams.
(iv) Biomass: Energy derived from biological
matter.
Characteristics of renewable resources
include:-
(i) Sustainability: They can be naturally
recovered over time.
(ii) Low environmental impact: They generally produce little
or no greenhouse gas emissions.
(iii) Diverse applications: Can be used for electricity
generation, heating and transport.
(iv) Energy security: Reduces dependence on fossil
fuels and increases energy independence.
(e) What are the two bases of Indian
migration?
Ans:- There are two bases of
Indian migration:-
(i) Economic factors: Many people migrate in search
of better employment opportunities, higher wages and better living standards.
(ii) Social factors: Migration may also be driven
by family reunification, education and social networks, where individuals move
to join relatives or communities.
(f) What is the average length and
breadth of the plain of the Brahmaputra Valley?
Ans:- The average length and
width of the Brahmaputra Valley plains are approximately:-
(i) Length: About 700 km from west to east.
(ii) Width: Varies from 50 km to 100 km depending on the specific region within the valley.
(g) Mention two main functions of world trade Organisation.
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