Ahsec, Class - 12, Sociology solved paper - 2024| H.s 2nd year
2024
SOCIOLOGY
(For
New Course Students)
Full
Marks: 80
Pass
Marks: 24
(For
Old Course Students in lieu of Project Works)
Full
Marks: 100
Pass
Marks: 30
Time:
Three hours
The
figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.
[Those
who appeared HS Final Exam till 2023 have been treated as Old Course students]
1. Answer any eight of the following questions: 1x8=8
(a) When was the first population
policy introduced in India?
Ans:- The first population policy in
India was introduced in 1952, making India the first country in the world to
establish a population control programme.
(b) What is the full form of 'NRC'?
Ans:- The full form of 'NRC' is
National Register of Citizens.
(c) Write a name of the leader of
Indian Reform Movement.
Ans:- A prominent leader of the
Indian reform movement was Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
(d) What is Capitalism?
Ans:- Capitalism is an economic
system where private individuals or businesses own capital goods and are
responsible for production and pricing, while these resources are owned by the
state.
(e) Where is the birthplace of
democracy?
Ans:- The birthplace of democracy is
usually considered to be ancient Greece, particularly the city-state of Athens.
(f) Who founded the Ramakrishna
Mission?
Ans:- The Ramakrishna Mission was
founded by Swami Vivekananda.
(g) Which day is observed a
'International Women's Day'?
Ans:- International Women's Day is
celebrated on 8 March each year.
(h) When was the Rights to Information
Act passed by the Parliament of India?
Ans:- The Right to Information Act
was passed by the Parliament of India in 2005.
(i) In which year first Trade Union
was established in India?
Ans:- The first trade union in India
was established in 1918.
(j) Who is known as 'Forest Man of
India'?
Ans:- The person known as the
'Forest Man of India' is Jadav Payeng.
(k) What is meant by 'Infant Mortality
Rate'?
Ans:- 'Infant mortality rate' refers
to the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births
in a given year, which is an important indicator of the overall health of a
population.
2.
Answer the following questions: (any six) 2x6=12
(a) When was the first and last census
conducted in India?
Ans:- The first census in India was
conducted in 1872, while the most recent census was conducted in 2021. The
first comprehensive census covering the entire country was conducted in 1881.
(b) Write any two causes of change in
joint family system.
Ans:- There are two reasons for
the change in the joint family system:-
(i) Urbanisation: Migration to cities has led to
nuclear families as individuals seek employment and education away from their
ancestral homes.
(ii) Economic independence: Increased economic
opportunities for women have contributed to the shift towards nuclear families,
as women are now more likely to live independently or with their partners.
(c) Mention any two measures for the
development of Schedule Tribes.
Ans:- There are two measures
for the development of Scheduled Tribes:-
(i) Reservation policies: Allocating a certain
percentage of seats in educational institutions and government jobs to
Scheduled Tribes to ensure their representation.
(ii) Special development
programmes:
Implementing targeted initiatives aimed at improving education, healthcare and
livelihood opportunities for Scheduled Tribes.
(d) Mention two types of mass media.
Ans:- The two types of mass
media include:-
(i) Print media: Newspapers and magazines
providing news and information.
(ii) Broadcast media: television and radio, which transmit
information by audio and visual means.
(e) Define Westernization.
Ans:- Westernization refers to the
process by which societies adopt Western culture, values, and lifestyles, often
influenced by globalization and modernization. It may include changes in social
norms, economic practices, and political structures.
(f) Write the types of culture with
example.
Ans:- Types of culture
include:-
(i) Material culture: Physical objects and artifacts
produced by a society, such as buildings, clothing, and tools (e.g.,
smartphones).
(ii) Nonmaterial culture: Intangible aspects of culture,
including beliefs, values, and norms (e.g., traditions and language).
(g) Mention any two merits of 'Green
Revolution'.
Ans:- The Green Revolution has
two merits:-
(i) Increased agricultural
productivity: The
introduction of high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds and modern agricultural
techniques has substantially increased food production.
(ii) Food security: Increased agricultural
production has contributed to reducing hunger and ensuring food availability in
many regions.
(h) Write two impacts of
Industrialization.
Ans:- Industrialisation has two
effects:-
(i) Urbanisation: Migration of population from
rural areas to urban areas in search of jobs, leading to the growth of cities.
(ii) Economic growth: Industrialisation generally
leads to increased production and economic growth, contributing to higher GDP
and better standards of living.
(i) Define feminism.
Ans:- Feminism is defined as a
social and political movement that advocates for women's rights and equality in
all spheres of life, aiming to address issues such as gender discrimination,
reproductive rights and social justice.
3.
Answer the following questions: (any four) 3x4=12
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