AHSEC, CLASS 12, HISTORY SOLVED PAPER - 2024| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2024
HISTORY
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 30
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate
full marks for the questions.
1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1x12=12
(i) Where was the Indus Valley Civilization discovered first?
Ans:- Harappa was the first site of the
Indus Valley Civilization, discovered in 1921 in the Punjab province of British
India.
(ii) Who authored the book, "The Story of Indian
Archaeology"?
Ans:- The book titled "The Story of
Indian Archaeology" was written by Dilip K. Chakravarti.
(iii) Which Greek traveller visited the court of Chandragupta
Mauryan?
Ans:- Megasthenes, a Greek traveler,
visited the court of Chandragupta Maurya.
(iv) Which famous Indian writer wrote the short story, "Kunti O
Nishadi"?
Ans:- Rabindranath Tagore wrote the
short story " Kunti O Nishadi ".
(v) Where did the Ahoms first establish their capital?
Ans:- The Ahoms first established their
capital at Charaideo in present-day Assam.
(vi) In which year Mir Jumla invaded Assam?
Ans:- Mir Jumla invaded Assam in 1662
AD.
(vii) Which traveller is known as the 'Bird leaves its nest'?
Ans:- Ibn Battuta is known as 'the
traveler leaves his nest'.
(viii) Name one dynasty that ruled the Vijaynagar Empire.
Ans:- The Sangama dynasty was the one
that ruled the Vijayanagara Empire.
(ix) Who led the Bhakti Movement in Assam?
Ans:- Shankardev led the Bhakti movement
in Assam.
(x) What is 'Jins-i-Kamil'?
Ans:- 'Jins-e-Kamil' refers to the
highest grade goods in the Mughal Empire.
(xi) In which year was the Battle of Plassey fought?
Ans:- The Battle of Plassey was fought
in 1757.
(xii) Who was the first martyr of the Revolt of 1857?
Ans:- Mangal Pandey was the first martyr
of the 1857 revolt.
(xiii) Who was the viceroy of India at the time of India's
Independence?
Ans:- Lord Mountbatten was the Viceroy
of India at the time of independence in 1947.
(xiv) Which was the commercial capital of British India?
Ans:- Bombay (now Mumbai) was the
commercial capital of British India.
(xv) In which year was the capital of India shifted from Kolkata to
Delhi?
Ans:- The capital of India was shifted
from Calcutta (now Kolkata) to Delhi in 1911.
2. Answer the following questions in
brief: (any twelve) 2x12=24
(i) Name two types of marriage.
Ans:-
There are two types of marriages monogamy (marriage to one spouse at a
time) and polygamy (marriage to several spouses at the same time). Other types
include arranged marriages, love marriages, interfaith marriages and homosexual
marriages.
(ii) Name two elaborate sacrifices.
Ans:- In Vedic religion, kings performed two elaborate sacrifices or
yagnas in the later Vedic period:-
(i) Rajasuya Yagna: A ritual performed
during coronation, which established the king's hegemony over neighbouring
kingdoms
(ii) Ashvamedha Yagna: Also known as
horse sacrifice, this ritual involved the sacrifice of a horse to help expand
the king's kingdom. The rituals were often very elaborate, sometimes lasting
for weeks and requiring hundreds of priests.
(iii) Mention any two political centres of the Mauryan Empire.
Ans:- The Maurya Empire had five major political centres, including
the capital Pataliputra and four provincial capitals:-
(i) Pataliputra: The capital, now known
as Patna in Bihar.
(ii) Takshashila: Located in the
northwest, now in Pakistan, and a major centre of learning and culture.
(iv) Name two posts created by Swargadeo Pratap Singha.
Ans:- Swargadeo Pratap Singha, also
known as Susenghphaa, was a prominent king of the Ahom kingdom from 1603 to
1641. During his reign, he created several important administrative posts, two
of which are as follows:-
(i) Borbarua: This post was established
to oversee military and judicial affairs, acting as an important authority in
areas not under the direct command of the traditional Gohain (regional
governors).
(ii) Borphukan: This post served as the
viceroy in charge of the western regions of the Ahom kingdom, responsible for
both military and civil administration in that region.
(v) Name two Peasant Uprisings of Assam during the British period.
Ans:- Assam witnessed several
peasant revolts during the British period, including the first peasant revolt
in India:-
(i) Phulguri Dhawa (1861): Also known as
"Phulguri Rebellion", it was the first peasant revolt in India and
took place in Nagaon district. The revolt was a reaction to rising opium prices
and a ban on private opium cultivation. During the revolt British troops killed
Lieutenant Singer and violently suppressed the protests.
(ii) Pothorughat Revolt (1894): Unarmed
peasants peacefully protested against land revenue hikes but the British
military police opened fire on them. The official colonial account claims 15
deaths and 37 wounded, but a saga called Doli Purana claims 140 peasants
killed.
(vi) Give two characteristics of the writings of Alberuni.
Ans:- Alberuni, a prominent scholar of
the 11th century, is known for his extensive writings that reflect his
multidisciplinary expertise.
Two major characteristics of his writings are:-
(i) Critical and Analytical Approach:
Alberuni adopted a systematic and critical approach in his works. He usually
began each chapter with a question, followed by a detailed investigation of the
topic and concluded with a comparison with other cultures. This systematic
structure allowed him to present his findings in a clear and logical manner,
thereby emphasising his analytical mindset.
(ii) Objectivity and Objectivity:
Alberuni was known for his unbiased approach, especially in his writings on
Indian culture and philosophy. He aimed to document his observations without
any bias, striving for objectivity like a historian. His writings reflect a
genuine attempt to understand and express the complexities of the cultures he
studied, as can be seen in his famous work Kitab al-Hind, where he has
carefully described various aspects of Indian life, including religion and
science.
(vii) Name two famous Sufi saints.
Ans:- Here are two famous
Sufi saints of medieval India:-
(i) Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti: Settled in
Ajmer, Rajasthan, and had many disciples who became known as Sufis of the
Chishti order.
(ii) Nizamuddin Auliya: A Sufi saint who
was active in Delhi during the medieval period in India. The term
"Auliya" means "friend of Allah" and is associated with
many Sufis, but Nizamuddin is most commonly associated with it. A neighbourhood
in Delhi is named after him. He was also a member of the Chishti order.
(viii) What were the two types of farmers in the Mughal period?
Ans:- There were two main types of peasants in the Mughal period:-
(i) Khud-Kashta: These lived permanently
in the villages where they had land. They cultivated their own land.
(ii) Pahi-Kashta: These were
non-resident peasants who belonged to other villages but cultivated land
elsewhere on a contractual basis. They became Pahi-Kashta either by choice
(such as when revenue terms were more favourable in a distant village) or by
compulsion (such as being forced to migrate due to economic distress after a
famine).
(ix) Name two biographies written during the Mughal period.
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