ASSEB| CLASS 12| ECONOMICS| QUESTION PAPER - 2025| H.S. 2ND YEAR
2025
ECONOMICS
Full Marks: 80
(Part-A=40 + Part-B=40)
Pass Marks: 24
Time: Three hours
The figures in the margin indicate
full marks for the questions
PART – A
(Introductory
Macroeconomics)
1. Give short answers to any four of the following questions: 1x4=4
(i) Who is known
as the father of Macroeconomics?
(ii) What are
the two sectors studied in ‘two-sector economy’?
(iii) Write the
full form of FRBM Act, 2003.
(iv) “Voluntary
unemployment can exist in an economy with full employment equilibrium.” Write
whether this statement is correct or incorrect.
(v) In which
year the ‘Breeton Woods’ Conference of the United Nations was held?
(vi) When the
level of effective demand is attained?
(vii) NNPFC
= NNPMP - _______. (Fill in the blank)
2. Answer any five of the following questions: 2x5=10
(i) Write two differences
between direct tax and indirect tax.
(ii) What do you
understand by ‘paradox of thrift’?
(iii) Write one
similarity and one difference between capital goods and intermediate goods.
(iv) Explain the
concept of ex-ante investment and ex-post investment.
(v) What are
sources of supply of foreign currency in an economy?
(vi)
Differentiate between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
(vii) What do
you understand by devaluation of domestic currency? Write with an example.
3. Answer any two of the following questions: 3x2=6
(i) In an
economy marginal propensity to save is 0.5. What will be the increase in income
if there is a new investment of Rs. 600 crores?
(ii) What is
fiscal policy? Write its two objectives? 1+2=3
(iii) How
financial deficits can be reduced? Explain briefly.
(iv) In the
context of national income accounting, analyse the concept of planned and
unplanned change in inventories with a hypothetical example.
4. Answer any two of the following questions: 6x2=12
(i) What is
balance of payment? Explain its components. 1+5=6
(ii) Explain the
process of credit creation by commercial banks. 5+1=6
(iii) What is aggregate
demand? Write about its components. 1+5=6
(iv) Is GDP an
indicator of welfare of a nation? Justify your answer.
5. Answer any one of the following questions: 8x1=8
(i) What is
value addition? Explain the value-added method of calculating national income.
Write an important merit of this method. 1+6+1=8
(ii) Write about
the quantitative and qualitative measures used by the central bank to regulate
money supply in an economy.
(iii) Explain
the working of investment multiplier with example. What is backward working of
investment multiplier? 7+1=8
PART – B
(Indian Economic
Development)
6. Give short answer to any four of the following
questions: 1x4=4
(i) What is ‘marketable
surplus’ in the context of agricultural production?
(ii) Write the
full form of NCERT.
(iii) Which
Indian company bought the English tea company ‘Tetley’ in 2000?
(iv) The owner
of a saloon is a regular salaried/ self-employed/ casual wage labourers. (Choose
the correct option)
(v) What is India’s
ranking in terms of Human Development Index, 2023-2024?
(vi) Agriculture/
Industry/ Services sector is the largest contributor to the National Income of
India at present. (Choose the correct option)
7. Answer any five of the following questions: 2x5=10
(i) Write two causes
of slow economic growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.
(ii) Classify
the following into renewable and non-renewable resources:
(a) Tree
(b) Coal
(c) Iron ore
(d) Sea fish
(iii) Write two
benefits of formal sector employment.
(iv) What do you
understand by outsourcing? Write with an example.
(v) What are the
types of economic system? Which economics system did India adopt after
independence? 1+1=2
(vi) Write two
important achievements of India’s education sector.
(vii) What are the
aspects included in ‘agricultural marketing’ process?
8. Answer any two of the following questions: 3x2=6
(i) When did the
Central Pollution Control Board of India was established? Write two functions
of this board. 1+2=3
(ii) Match the left-
and right-hand side of the following table:
|
A |
B |
|
1. Prime Minster |
A. Seeds that
give large proportion of outputs |
|
2. Gross
Domestic Product |
B. Quantity
of goods that can be imported |
|
3. Quota |
C. Chairperson
of the Planning |
|
4. Land
reform measures |
D. The money
value of all the final goods and services produced within the economy in one
year |
|
5. HYV seeds |
E.
Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its productivity |
|
6. Subsidy |
F. The
monetary assistance given by government for production activities |
(iii) Who is a
worker? Are the following workers – a beggar, a thief, a smuggler and a
gambler? Why? 1+2=3
(iv) Explain the
‘great leap forward campaign’ of China as initiated in 1958.
9. Answer any two of the following questions: 6x2=12
(i) Write a note
on the development path of India, China and Pakistan.
(ii) Write two
differences between human capital and physical capital. Discuss the sources of
human capital formation. 2+4=6
(iii) Discuss
the importance of credit for rural development. Write three differences between
formal and informal sources of rural credit. 3+3=6
(iv) Write
short notes on any two of the following: 3+3=6
(a) Import
substitution trade policy
(b) Role of
small-scale industry in Indian economy
(c) Condition of
agriculture sector of India at the time of independence
10. Answer any one of the following questions: 8x1=8
(i) What is
organic farming? How does it help in sustainable development? Write three
merits and two limitations of organic farming. 1+2+5=8
(ii) “The threat
to India’s environment poses a dichotomy.” Based on this statement, write an
analytical note on the current environmental situation and problems in India.
What are the factors responsible for land degradation in India? 6+2=8
(iii) Briefly
write about – (a) industrial sector reform (b) financial sector reform and (c)
tax reform measures undertaken as part of liberalization policy of economics
reforms, 1991. 3+3+2=8
***
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